Uzun Ömür

5-Amino-1MQ is a small molecule NNMT (nicotinamide N-methyltransferase) inhibitor that enhances cellular NAD+ levels and mitochondrial function. Not a true peptide, but a small molecule compound used in longevity and metabolic optimization protocols.

Enhanced derivative of Selank with improved stability, blood-brain barrier penetration, and extended half-life compared to parent compound. Parent compound Selank approved in Russia since early 2000s.

Synthetic nootropic peptide with N-terminal acetylation and C-terminal adamantane modification for superior stability and blood-brain barrier penetration, researched for cognitive enhancement, neuroprotection, and neuroplasticity.

Berberine is a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid found in several plants including goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis), barberry (Berberis vulgaris), Oregon grape (Mahonia aquifolium), and Chinese goldthread (Coptis chinensis). It has been used in traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine for centuries, primarily for gastrointestinal infections and inflammatory conditions. In recent years, berberine has gained substantial popularity in the biohacking and metabolic health communities due to a growing body of clinical evidence demonstrating effects on blood glucose regulation, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity that rival some pharmaceutical interventions. Often referred to as "nature's metformin," berberine activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) through a mechanism similar to metformin, though via a distinct molecular pathway. Its accessibility as an over-the-counter supplement, combined with meaningful clinical data, has made it one of the most widely discussed natural compounds for metabolic optimization. Berberine is particularly popular among individuals using growth hormone secretagogues like MK-677 or exogenous HGH, where blood glucose management becomes an important consideration.

Synthetic peptide derived from gastric juice protein, renowned for tissue repair, inflammation reduction, and GI protection capabilities. BPC-157 promotes blood vessel formation, enhances collagen synthesis, modulates growth factor expression, and protects against tissue damage through localized or systemic delivery.

Cardiogen is a Khavinson bioregulator peptide consisting of four amino acids, derived from heart tissue research. Unlike larger peptides that work on cell surfaces, Cardiogen penetrates directly to the cell nucleus where it binds to specific DNA regions to regulate gene expression. This epigenetic mechanism supports tissue repair and improves cardiovascular function, particularly benefiting the heart and blood vessels.

Synthetic tripeptide developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson, supporting cartilage, connective tissue, and cellular regeneration through proliferation markers and apoptosis pathway modulation.

Standardized neuropeptide preparation containing bioactive peptides and amino acids exhibiting neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties for stroke recovery, traumatic brain injury, and cognitive enhancement. Used clinically in 50+ countries.

Chonluten is a Khavinson bioregulator tripeptide (EDG) derived from respiratory lung tissue. Developed at Russia's St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, it targets the bronchopulmonary system with secondary activity in the GI tract. Research shows it regulates genes related to inflammation, antioxidant activity, and proliferation responses. Chonluten inhibits TNF production in monocytes and has been studied as a potential geroprotective agent that may support lung function in conditions like COPD.

Cortagen is a Khavinson bioregulator tetrapeptide (AEDP) with primary effects on the brain and central nervous system. Developed at Russia's St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, it regulates inflammatory responses in the nervous system, restores balance between pro- and anti-oxidative processes, and stimulates interleukin-2 expression. Research shows potential benefits for ischemic brain injury recovery, nerve regeneration, and reducing autoimmune reactions affecting the CNS.

Crystagen is a Khavinson bioregulator tripeptide (EDP) identified in thymalin with selective action on thymus tissues. Developed at Russia's St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, it enhances immune function by stimulating normal lymphocyte proliferation while inhibiting tumor cell growth. Research shows effectiveness in normalizing immunity in 82% of elderly patients (vs 56% control) and reducing respiratory infections in athletes by doubling HSP gene expression.

Endogenous cyclic dipeptide found in plasma, breast milk, and cerebrospinal fluid. Functions as metabolite of IGF-1, regulating its bioavailability through competitive binding to IGFBP-3. Demonstrates neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, and cardioprotective properties supported by clinical trials.

Dihexa is a synthetic oligopeptide derived from angiotensin IV that potently enhances cognitive function by promoting synaptogenesis. It is 10 million times more potent than BDNF at promoting synapse formation through HGF/c-Met receptor activation.

Epitalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide developed by Russian scientist Vladimir Khavinson with 35+ years of research. It activates telomerase at extremely low concentrations to maintain telomere length, stimulates melatonin production, and modulates gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms.

FOXO4-DRI is a senolytic peptide designed to selectively eliminate senescent 'zombie' cells that accumulate with age and contribute to tissue dysfunction. It works by disrupting the FOXO4-p53 interaction that keeps senescent cells alive. The 'DRI' modification (D-retro-inverso) uses reversed D-amino acids to increase potency and stability. Preclinical research shows restoration of fur density, fitness, and organ function in aged mice.

Naturally occurring copper tripeptide found in human plasma, saliva, and urine. GHK-Cu affects 31.2% of human genes and declines significantly with age—from ~200 ng/ml at age 20 to ~80 ng/ml at age 60. Known for exceptional skin regeneration, wound healing, and anti-aging properties.

Glutathione is the body's master antioxidant, a tripeptide produced naturally by the liver. It protects cells against free radicals, peroxides, and heavy metals while eliminating toxins including drugs and pollutants. Injectable glutathione bypasses gastrointestinal breakdown for superior bioavailability compared to oral supplements. Research supports benefits for neurological health, immune function, skin health, and anti-aging.

Humanin was the first mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP) discovered, originally cloned from the occipital lobe of an Alzheimer's patient. It is a 24-amino acid peptide encoded from the 16S rRNA region of mitochondrial DNA with potent neuroprotective, cytoprotective, and anti-apoptotic properties. Research shows humanin levels decline with age but remain stable in long-lived species like naked mole-rats, and offspring of centenarians have significantly higher humanin levels.

Livagen is a Khavinson bioregulator tetrapeptide (KEDA) with significant hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory properties. Structurally similar to Epitalon, it normalizes immune and antioxidant status while restoring liver function in hepatitis conditions. Livagen is best known for its ability to decondense chromatin, activating silent genes including ribosomal genes to boost protein synthesis and cellular activity. Maximum protective effects occur during aging.

Metformin is a biguanide compound and the most widely prescribed oral medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus worldwide, with over 150 million prescriptions annually. Originally derived from the French lilac (Galega officinalis), metformin was introduced in clinical practice in the 1950s in Europe and received FDA approval in the United States in 1995. Beyond its well-established role in glucose regulation, metformin has attracted significant attention in longevity and aging research. The Targeting Aging with Metformin (TAME) trial, a landmark multi-center study, is investigating whether metformin can delay the onset of age-related diseases in non-diabetic older adults. Observational data have suggested that diabetic patients taking metformin may have lower all-cause mortality than age-matched non-diabetic controls, prompting serious scientific interest in its potential geroprotective properties.

Methylene blue (methylthioninium chloride) is one of the oldest synthetic drugs in medicine, first synthesized in 1876 and originally used as a textile dye before its medicinal properties were discovered. It is FDA-approved for the treatment of methemoglobinemia, a condition in which hemoglobin is unable to carry oxygen effectively. Beyond its approved indication, methylene blue has attracted significant interest as a mitochondrial-enhancing nootropic and neuroprotective agent. At low doses (0.5-2 mg/kg), it acts as an alternative electron carrier in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, bypassing Complex I and Complex III to donate electrons directly to Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase). This enhances mitochondrial respiration, increases ATP production, and reduces the generation of reactive oxygen species. Methylene blue also inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO-A), nitric oxide synthase, and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and antimicrobial properties. Its neuroprotective potential has been explored in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and traumatic brain injury models.

MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide that operates as a mitohormone through the Folate-AICAR-AMPK pathway. Under metabolic stress, it translocates to the nucleus to bind stress-response transcription factors (NRF2, ATF1/ATF7), regulating genes involved in metabolism and cellular adaptation.

Enhanced and stabilized version of Russian nootropic Semax with superior stability, extended half-life, and enhanced bioavailability through acetylation and amidation modifications.

NA-Selank Amidate is an enhanced version of Selank, the anxiolytic nootropic peptide developed at Russia's Institute of Molecular Genetics. The N-acetyl group improves blood-brain barrier penetration and creates more stable metabolites, while the C-terminal amidation further enhances metabolic stability and receptor binding. Unlike benzodiazepines, it provides anxiety relief without sedation, dependency, or cognitive impairment.

NAD+ is a crucial coenzyme found in every cell, involved in energy generation and cellular maintenance that naturally declines with age. Supplementation may support cellular health, boost energy, enhance cognitive function, and promote longevity through multiple delivery methods.

Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist originally developed and FDA-approved at full dose (50 mg) for the treatment of opioid and alcohol use disorders. At this dose, it competitively blocks mu-opioid receptors, preventing the euphoric and reinforcing effects of opioids and reducing alcohol cravings. However, naltrexone has gained enormous popularity in the biohacking and functional medicine communities at dramatically lower doses (1-4.5 mg), commonly referred to as Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN). At these sub-therapeutic doses, naltrexone produces a brief, transient blockade of opioid receptors lasting only a few hours, which triggers a compensatory upregulation of endogenous endorphins and enkephalins. This rebound effect, combined with direct modulation of the Opioid Growth Factor (OGF) - OGF receptor axis, produces broad anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects that have shown promise across a wide range of autoimmune, inflammatory, and chronic pain conditions.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a naturally occurring nucleotide and a direct biosynthetic precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a coenzyme essential for cellular energy metabolism, DNA repair, sirtuin activation, and hundreds of enzymatic reactions. NAD+ levels decline significantly with age, and this decline is implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction, genomic instability, and many hallmarks of aging. NMN supplementation aims to restore NAD+ levels by providing the immediate substrate for the enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT), which catalyzes the final step of NAD+ biosynthesis in the salvage pathway. Popularized by Harvard geneticist David Sinclair, NMN has become one of the most widely studied and used longevity supplements. While animal data is extensive and compelling, human clinical trial data is still accumulating, with several trials showing increases in blood NAD+ levels and improvements in various biomarkers of aging.

Ovagen is a Khavinson bioregulator tripeptide (EDL) with primary effects on the liver and gastrointestinal tract. Developed by Dr. Vladimir Khavinson at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, it reduces long-term liver fibrosis and protects the GI mucosal layer from antibiotics, environmental toxins, and chemotherapy. Like other bioregulators, Ovagen crosses cell and nuclear membranes to directly regulate DNA transcription patterns with tissue-specific effects.

P21 is a nootropic peptide derived from ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) that enhances neurogenesis and cognitive function. It contains an adamantane moiety that enables blood-brain barrier penetration. Research shows it increases BDNF expression, inhibits LIF signaling to promote neurogenesis, and reduces tau and amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease models. Remarkably, P21 can boost neurogenesis in diseased brains above levels seen in healthy untreated brains.

Pancragen is a Khavinson bioregulator tetrapeptide (KEDW) originally isolated from bovine pancreatic cells. Developed at Russia's St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, it directly interacts with DNA to regulate pancreatic gene expression. Research in old rhesus monkeys demonstrated that Pancragen corrected impaired glucose tolerance, normalized insulin and C-peptide levels, and improved endocrine pancreatic function. It is considered safe and effective for age-related metabolic disturbances.

Synthetic heptapeptide derived from Spadin positions 22-28, functioning as potent TREK-1 antagonist with enhanced selectivity and duration versus parent compound. Primary research focus on rapid antidepressant effects.

Developed in Russia, Pinealon demonstrates unique DNA-interaction for neuroprotection and cognitive enhancement. Benefits traumatic brain injury recovery and age-related cognitive decline with excellent safety profile.

PNC-27 is an experimental anti-cancer peptide created by a supercomputer at SUNY Downstate Medical Center in 2000. It contains an HDM-2 binding domain from p53 (residues 12-26) linked to a cell-penetrating domain. The peptide selectively kills cancer cells by binding to HDM-2 (MDM2) expressed on cancer cell membranes, forming pores that cause cell necrosis. Critically, PNC-27 has no effect on normal cells because healthy cells don't express HDM-2 on their membranes. Research shows effectiveness against pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, and melanoma.

Rapamycin (sirolimus) is a macrolide compound originally discovered in 1972 from a soil bacterium (Streptomyces hygroscopicus) found on Easter Island (Rapa Nui). It was FDA-approved in 1999 as an immunosuppressant for the prevention of organ transplant rejection and has since become the most studied pharmacological intervention for lifespan extension. Rapamycin is the only drug that has consistently extended lifespan in every organism tested, including yeast, worms, flies, and mice, making it the benchmark compound in longevity research. At immunosuppressive doses (daily administration), it prevents transplant rejection and treats certain cancers. At lower pulsed doses (weekly administration), it is increasingly used off-label in the longevity community to target aging-related pathways while minimizing immunosuppressive side effects. The distinction between daily immunosuppressive dosing and weekly pulsed longevity dosing is critical, as the side effect profiles differ substantially between these two regimens.

Selank is a synthetic heptapeptide analog of the naturally occurring immune peptide tuftsin, developed by the Russian Academy of Sciences. It provides anxiolytic effects comparable to benzodiazepines but without sedation, amnesia, tolerance, or withdrawal.

Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide derived from adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) fragment 4-10, originally developed in Russia for stroke recovery. It achieves enhanced CNS penetration through direct transport via olfactory epithelium and trigeminal nerves, bypassing the blood-brain barrier.

Groundbreaking synthetic compound from Saint Louis University functioning as pan-estrogen-related receptor agonist with preferential ERRα activity. Activates metabolic pathways engaged during physical exercise without physical activity requirement.

SS-31 (Elamipretide) is an aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide that selectively binds to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, preventing lipid peroxidation and optimizing electron transport chain function for enhanced cellular energy production.

A synthetic 7-amino acid fragment corresponding to the actin-binding region of thymosin beta-4, originally developed for equine use with retained tissue repair properties. TB-500 acts as principal actin-sequestering protein, regulating cell migration, promoting angiogenesis, reducing inflammation, and activating stem cell differentiation.

TB-500 (Ac-LKKTETQ) is a synthetic derivative of thymosin beta-4 consisting of the N-terminal acetylated 17-23 amino acid fragment. This sequence represents the active site within thymosin beta-4 responsible for actin binding, cell migration, and wound healing. Research shows it promotes endothelial cell differentiation, angiogenesis, keratinocyte migration, collagen deposition, and decreases inflammation. The acetylation protects against N-terminal degradation while maintaining biological activity.

Testagen is a Khavinson bioregulator tetrapeptide (KEDG) originally isolated from testicular tissue extracts. Developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, it promotes testosterone biosynthesis by stimulating Leydig cell activity and improving cellular metabolism in testicular tissue. Research shows it helps restore normal communication within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, governing testosterone production and spermatogenesis.

Thymalin is a natural peptide bioregulator derived from calf thymus gland, developed in the Soviet Union in the 1970s. It contains a mixture of thymic peptides that support immune restoration, anti-aging, and tissue regeneration. Research spanning decades has shown significant geroprotective effects, with studies demonstrating up to 2-fold reduction in mortality rates and 4-fold reduction when combined with Epithalamin.

Thymogen (EW dipeptide) is a Khavinson bioregulator consisting of glutamic acid and tryptophan, originally isolated from calf thymus extracts (Thymalin) in the late 1980s. Developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson, it has been registered in Russia since 1990 in multiple forms including injectable solution, nasal spray, and topical cream. Thymogen modulates both humoral and cellular immunity, activates T-cell differentiation, and has demonstrated geroprotective (anti-aging) and antitumor activities in research studies.

Thymosin Alpha 1 is a synthetic 28-amino acid peptide identical to naturally occurring thymic hormone, studied in 11,000+ patients across 30+ clinical trials with less than 1% serious adverse events. Approved in 35+ countries for immune modulation.

Naturally occurring 43-amino acid peptide crucial for tissue repair, wound healing, and cellular regeneration. Promotes angiogenesis, reduces inflammation, and supports cell migration and differentiation.

Thymulin is a nonapeptide hormone exclusively secreted by thymic epithelial cells, discovered by Jean-François Bach in the 1970s. Unlike thymalin (a peptide extract mixture), thymulin is a single, defined 9-amino-acid peptide that requires zinc binding for biological activity. It plays a crucial role in T-cell differentiation and maturation within the thymus. Serum thymulin levels decline significantly with age and zinc deficiency, contributing to age-related immune decline (immunosenescence). Research has explored thymulin's potential in restoring immune function, managing autoimmune conditions, and as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Tretinoin is the gold standard topical retinoid for skin aging and acne, FDA-approved since 1971 for acne vulgaris and later for the treatment of photoaging (fine wrinkles, mottled hyperpigmentation, roughness). As the acid form of vitamin A, it is the most extensively studied topical anti-aging compound in dermatology, backed by decades of clinical evidence. Tretinoin accelerates epidermal cell turnover, stimulates collagen synthesis in the dermis, and improves the overall architecture of photodamaged skin. It has become a cornerstone of the biohacking and skincare optimization community due to its proven ability to reduce fine lines, even out skin tone, and improve skin texture with consistent long-term use.

Vesilute is a Khavinson bioregulator dipeptide consisting of glutamic acid and aspartic acid (ED), developed at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. It is specifically designed to support bladder and urinary tract function, with research indicating potential benefits for prostate health in men. Vesilute may help regulate smooth muscle function, enhance tissue blood flow, and support cellular regeneration in urogenital tissues. It is distinct from Vesugen (KED tripeptide), which targets vascular endothelium.

Vesugen is a Khavinson bioregulator tripeptide developed at Russia's St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. Composed of three amino acids (lysine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid), it targets the vascular system and protects blood vessels from age-related decline. Research shows it limits atherosclerosis development, decreases endothelial dysfunction, and activates stem cells. Like other short Khavinson peptides, Vesugen penetrates to the nucleus where it influences gene expression.

Vilon is a Khavinson bioregulator dipeptide (KE) consisting of lysine and glutamic acid, originally isolated from thymus gland extracts. Developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, it acts as a molecular signaling compound that restores normal gene expression and protein synthesis in immune and epithelial cells. Research shows Vilon increases mean lifespan by 20-40% in animal studies and suppresses tumor development.

Combines BPC-157 and TB-500 for synergistic tissue repair and recovery. 87.5% improvement in knee pain patients per Lee & Padgett 2021 study.