Metabolik

5-Amino-1MQ is a small molecule NNMT (nicotinamide N-methyltransferase) inhibitor that enhances cellular NAD+ levels and mitochondrial function. Not a true peptide, but a small molecule compound used in longevity and metabolic optimization protocols.

AICAR is a cell-permeable nucleoside analog that activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. Originally studied for cardiac ischemia protection, it gained attention as an 'exercise mimetic' due to its metabolic effects.

AOD-9604 is a modified fragment of human growth hormone (amino acids 176-191) that stimulates lipolysis and inhibits lipogenesis without the side effects of full growth hormone. Unlike full GH, it does not increase IGF-1, affect glucose metabolism, or cause insulin resistance.

B7-33 is a single-chain peptide analog of human relaxin-2 that selectively activates the relaxin family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1). Unlike native relaxin-2, which requires a complex two-chain A/B structure connected by disulfide bonds, B7-33 achieves RXFP1 activation with a much simpler single-chain design. This makes it significantly easier and more cost-effective to synthesize. Preclinical research demonstrates potent anti-fibrotic, vasodilatory, and cardioprotective properties, positioning B7-33 as a promising therapeutic candidate for fibrotic diseases, heart failure, and vascular dysfunction.

BAM-15 is a synthetic mitochondrial uncoupler that has emerged as a promising research compound for obesity and metabolic disorders. Unlike traditional uncouplers like DNP which have serious toxicity concerns, BAM-15 demonstrates a superior safety profile while effectively increasing energy expenditure and fat oxidation. Research in mice shows BAM-15 reduces body fat without affecting food intake, lean mass, or body temperature. It is approximately 7-fold more potent than DNP and does not induce the dangerous hyperthermia associated with older uncouplers. Note: BAM-15 is a small molecule compound, not a peptide, but is commonly sold alongside peptide products.

Berberine is a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid found in several plants including goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis), barberry (Berberis vulgaris), Oregon grape (Mahonia aquifolium), and Chinese goldthread (Coptis chinensis). It has been used in traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine for centuries, primarily for gastrointestinal infections and inflammatory conditions. In recent years, berberine has gained substantial popularity in the biohacking and metabolic health communities due to a growing body of clinical evidence demonstrating effects on blood glucose regulation, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity that rival some pharmaceutical interventions. Often referred to as "nature's metformin," berberine activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) through a mechanism similar to metformin, though via a distinct molecular pathway. Its accessibility as an over-the-counter supplement, combined with meaningful clinical data, has made it one of the most widely discussed natural compounds for metabolic optimization. Berberine is particularly popular among individuals using growth hormone secretagogues like MK-677 or exogenous HGH, where blood glucose management becomes an important consideration.

Novel long-acting lipidated amylin analog functioning as dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonist for weight management and type 2 diabetes. Phase 3 trials demonstrate 22.7% weight loss with CagriSema combination.

Cardarine (GW501516) is a synthetic PPAR-delta (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta) agonist originally developed by GlaxoSmithKline and Ligand Pharmaceuticals in the early 2000s for the treatment of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, including dyslipidemia, obesity, and diabetes. Despite being almost universally categorized alongside SARMs in the performance enhancement market, Cardarine is not a selective androgen receptor modulator and does not bind to the androgen receptor at all. Its mechanism is entirely distinct: it activates PPAR-delta, a nuclear receptor that regulates fatty acid oxidation, energy expenditure, and lipid metabolism. In preclinical studies, Cardarine demonstrated remarkable effects on endurance capacity, fat oxidation, and lipid profiles. However, development was abandoned by GSK in 2007 after preclinical toxicology studies in rodents revealed an increased incidence of tumors across multiple organ systems when the compound was administered at supratherapeutic doses over extended periods. This cancer signal remains the central controversy and safety concern surrounding Cardarine. The compound has never been approved for human use by any regulatory agency, and no clinical trials have been completed. It is classified as a prohibited substance by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Despite these concerns, Cardarine continues to be widely available through research chemical suppliers and is used in performance enhancement contexts for its potent endurance-boosting and fat-burning properties.

Clenbuterol is a potent, long-acting beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist originally developed for the treatment of asthma and other respiratory conditions. It is approved as a bronchodilator in many countries throughout Europe, Latin America, and Asia, but has never been approved for human use in the United States, where it is only approved for veterinary use in horses (Ventipulmin). In the context of bodybuilding and physique sports, clenbuterol is widely used as a thermogenic agent during cutting phases to accelerate fat loss while preserving lean muscle mass. Its stimulatory effects on the sympathetic nervous system increase basal metabolic rate, core body temperature, and lipolysis. Unlike anabolic steroids, clenbuterol does not directly promote muscle growth in humans at typical doses, though animal studies have demonstrated significant anabolic effects in livestock, which led to its controversial use in meat production in some countries.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is an essential glycoprotein hormone that stimulates red blood cell production. Naturally produced by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels, recombinant human EPO is FDA-approved for treating anemia in chronic kidney disease and chemotherapy patients. EPO binding to receptors on bone marrow cells promotes survival and maturation of red blood cell precursors, increasing oxygen-carrying capacity. Due to performance-enhancing effects, it is banned in competitive sports.

Ezetimibe is a selective cholesterol absorption inhibitor that blocks the Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1) protein in the brush border of the small intestine, preventing dietary and biliary cholesterol from entering the bloodstream. Approved by the FDA in 2002, it occupies a unique niche among lipid-lowering agents by targeting intestinal cholesterol uptake rather than hepatic cholesterol synthesis. In the context of anabolic steroid use, ezetimibe has become a go-to ancillary compound for managing the dyslipidemia that accompanies many AAS cycles, particularly oral steroids like oxandrolone (Anavar) and stanozolol (Winstrol) that are notorious for crashing HDL cholesterol and elevating LDL. While statins remain the first-line treatment for hypercholesterolemia in the general population, ezetimibe is frequently used alone or stacked with a statin by steroid users seeking to mitigate cycle-induced lipid damage without adding yet another hepatotoxic compound to the mix.

HGH Fragment 176-191 is the fat-burning segment of human growth hormone, corresponding to amino acids 176 through 191 of the full GH molecule. It stimulates lipolysis and inhibits lipogenesis without the growth-promoting or insulin-disrupting effects associated with full-length HGH. AOD-9604 is a modified version of this fragment with an added N-terminal tyrosine residue.

KLOW builds upon GLOW protocol by adding KPV for enhanced anti-inflammatory action. This combination lacks clinical trials on the specific four-peptide formulation despite individual component research. Standard vial contains 80mg blend (50mg GHK-Cu, 10mg TB-500, 10mg BPC-157, 10mg KPV).

L-Carnitine is an amino acid derivative naturally produced in the body and essential for transporting long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production. Injectable forms bypass digestive absorption limitations of oral supplements.

Liothyronine (T3) is the biologically active form of thyroid hormone, responsible for regulating basal metabolic rate, thermogenesis, protein synthesis, and cellular energy metabolism throughout the body. Unlike levothyroxine (T4), which serves primarily as a prohormone requiring peripheral conversion by deiodinase enzymes, T3 acts directly on nuclear thyroid hormone receptors to exert its metabolic effects. It has been FDA-approved since the 1950s for the treatment of hypothyroidism, myxedema coma, and as a diagnostic agent in thyroid suppression tests. Pharmaceutical T3 is available as Cytomel (brand) and generic liothyronine sodium tablets. In performance and biohacking contexts, T3 is widely used during cutting phases to accelerate fat loss by directly upregulating metabolic rate, and by individuals seeking metabolic optimization when peripheral T4-to-T3 conversion is impaired due to caloric restriction, stress, or other factors.

First-in-class dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist combining appetite suppression with thermogenesis stimulation. Phase 3 trials demonstrated superiority over semaglutide for weight loss and glycemic control.

Meldonium (marketed as Mildronate) is a cardioprotective and anti-ischemic drug developed at the Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis in the 1970s by Ivars Kalvins. It is approved and widely prescribed in Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, and several other post-Soviet states for the treatment of coronary artery disease, heart failure, and cerebrovascular conditions. Meldonium has never been approved by the FDA or EMA, and it remains unavailable through conventional pharmaceutical channels in the United States and most of Western Europe. The drug gained worldwide notoriety in March 2016 when tennis star Maria Sharapova announced she had tested positive for meldonium after the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) added it to the Prohibited List effective January 1, 2016. Her positive test was far from isolated -- WADA reported that meldonium was the most common substance detected in doping control samples in early 2016, with hundreds of athletes across multiple sports testing positive, predominantly from Eastern European and Central Asian countries. This widespread use reflected meldonium's longstanding popularity among athletes in those regions, where it was both legally available by prescription and culturally accepted as a general-purpose cardioprotective and performance-enhancing agent. In the performance enhancement community, meldonium has attracted particular interest among anabolic steroid users seeking cardiac protection during cycles, given the well-documented cardiotoxic effects of supraphysiological androgen use including left ventricular hypertrophy, impaired diastolic function, and accelerated atherosclerosis.

Metformin is a biguanide compound and the most widely prescribed oral medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus worldwide, with over 150 million prescriptions annually. Originally derived from the French lilac (Galega officinalis), metformin was introduced in clinical practice in the 1950s in Europe and received FDA approval in the United States in 1995. Beyond its well-established role in glucose regulation, metformin has attracted significant attention in longevity and aging research. The Targeting Aging with Metformin (TAME) trial, a landmark multi-center study, is investigating whether metformin can delay the onset of age-related diseases in non-diabetic older adults. Observational data have suggested that diabetic patients taking metformin may have lower all-cause mortality than age-matched non-diabetic controls, prompting serious scientific interest in its potential geroprotective properties.

MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide that operates as a mitohormone through the Folate-AICAR-AMPK pathway. Under metabolic stress, it translocates to the nucleus to bind stress-response transcription factors (NRF2, ATF1/ATF7), regulating genes involved in metabolism and cellular adaptation.

NAD+ is a crucial coenzyme found in every cell, involved in energy generation and cellular maintenance that naturally declines with age. Supplementation may support cellular health, boost energy, enhance cognitive function, and promote longevity through multiple delivery methods.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a naturally occurring nucleotide and a direct biosynthetic precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a coenzyme essential for cellular energy metabolism, DNA repair, sirtuin activation, and hundreds of enzymatic reactions. NAD+ levels decline significantly with age, and this decline is implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction, genomic instability, and many hallmarks of aging. NMN supplementation aims to restore NAD+ levels by providing the immediate substrate for the enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT), which catalyzes the final step of NAD+ biosynthesis in the salvage pathway. Popularized by Harvard geneticist David Sinclair, NMN has become one of the most widely studied and used longevity supplements. While animal data is extensive and compelling, human clinical trial data is still accumulating, with several trials showing increases in blood NAD+ levels and improvements in various biomarkers of aging.

First oral non-peptide GLP-1 completing Phase 3 trials. Achieves substantial weight loss without injections, refrigeration, or dietary restrictions, with clinical evidence of 12.4% weight reduction at 72 weeks.

Pancragen is a Khavinson bioregulator tetrapeptide (KEDW) originally isolated from bovine pancreatic cells. Developed at Russia's St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, it directly interacts with DNA to regulate pancreatic gene expression. Research in old rhesus monkeys demonstrated that Pancragen corrected impaired glucose tolerance, normalized insulin and C-peptide levels, and improved endocrine pancreatic function. It is considered safe and effective for age-related metabolic disturbances.

Pitavastatin is a newer-generation synthetic statin approved by the FDA in 2009 under the brand name Livalo. It distinguishes itself from other statins through its minimal cytochrome P450 metabolism, which translates to significantly fewer drug-drug interactions than atorvastatin, simvastatin, or lovastatin. This characteristic makes pitavastatin particularly attractive for individuals taking multiple medications or compounds simultaneously, a situation common among anabolic steroid users who may be running ancillaries, aromatase inhibitors, and other support compounds alongside their cycles. Unlike most statins that are heavily metabolized by CYP3A4 or CYP2C9, pitavastatin is primarily metabolized via glucuronidation by UGT1A3 and UGT2B7, with negligible involvement of CYP enzymes. This means compounds and medications that inhibit or induce CYP3A4 do not meaningfully alter pitavastatin blood levels. Clinically, pitavastatin delivers LDL reductions of 38-45% at its standard 2-4 mg dose range, placing it in the moderate-to-high intensity category. Perhaps most notably, pitavastatin carries the lowest risk of new-onset diabetes among all statins, a finding consistently demonstrated across multiple clinical trials and meta-analyses including the LIVES study and J-PREDICT trial. This makes it an especially prudent choice for individuals with pre-existing insulin resistance or those using compounds known to impact glucose metabolism.

Propranolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist (beta blocker) and one of the oldest and most widely prescribed drugs in its class. FDA-approved since 1967 and marketed as Inderal, it blocks both beta-1 receptors in the heart (reducing heart rate, contractility, and cardiac output) and beta-2 receptors in the bronchial and vascular smooth muscle. In the performance-enhancing drug community, propranolol serves two primary roles: managing elevated resting heart rate caused by compounds such as trenbolone and clenbuterol, and controlling performance anxiety or situational anxiety symptoms. Trenbolone is notorious for raising resting heart rate and causing nocturnal tachycardia, while clenbuterol directly stimulates beta-2 receptors to increase heart rate as part of its sympathomimetic action. Propranolol's non-selective beta blockade makes it effective against both mechanisms. Its rapid onset (within 30-60 minutes of oral dosing) and relatively short duration of action make it well-suited for as-needed use, though it can also be dosed regularly for sustained heart rate control throughout an AAS cycle.

Novel triple hormone receptor agonist targeting GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors. Phase II trials demonstrated 24.2% weight loss at 48 weeks—the highest recorded for obesity medications.

Rosuvastatin is the most potent statin currently available, offering the greatest LDL cholesterol reduction per milligram among all HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. FDA-approved in 2003 under the brand name Crestor, it rapidly became one of the most prescribed medications worldwide for hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular risk reduction. Rosuvastatin is particularly popular in the anabolic steroid community, where it is widely used to manage lipid disturbances caused by androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS), especially oral compounds like oxandrolone, stanozolol, and methandrostenolone that are notorious for dramatically worsening lipid profiles. Its long 19-hour half-life allows convenient once-daily dosing, and its hydrophilic nature gives it hepatic selectivity with a potentially lower incidence of muscle-related side effects compared to lipophilic statins like atorvastatin and simvastatin. The JUPITER trial demonstrated that rosuvastatin significantly reduces cardiovascular events even in individuals with normal LDL but elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), highlighting its anti-inflammatory properties beyond pure lipid lowering.

Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management. Over 17,000 trial participants have demonstrated significant efficacy through appetite suppression and glycemic control. The 7-day half-life enables convenient weekly dosing.

Groundbreaking synthetic compound from Saint Louis University functioning as pan-estrogen-related receptor agonist with preferential ERRα activity. Activates metabolic pathways engaged during physical exercise without physical activity requirement.

SR-9009 (Stenabolic) is a synthetic Rev-Erb agonist developed by Professor Thomas Burris at the Scripps Research Institute. Despite being almost universally marketed and sold alongside SARMs, SR-9009 is not a selective androgen receptor modulator and does not bind to or activate the androgen receptor in any capacity. Its mechanism is entirely distinct: it acts as an agonist of the Rev-Erb-alpha and Rev-Erb-beta nuclear receptors, which are key components of the molecular circadian clock and play critical roles in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammatory responses, and mitochondrial biogenesis. In preclinical studies conducted in mice, SR-9009 demonstrated notable effects on exercise capacity, metabolic rate, fat oxidation, and circadian rhythm regulation. Treated mice showed increased oxygen consumption, decreased fat mass, and enhanced endurance without changes in food intake. However, the most significant limitation of SR-9009 is its extremely poor oral bioavailability, estimated at approximately 2% in rodent models. This means that the vast majority of an orally administered dose is destroyed by first-pass hepatic metabolism before reaching systemic circulation. The impressive preclinical results were obtained via injection, raising serious questions about whether oral dosing in humans can achieve pharmacologically meaningful plasma concentrations. SR-9009 has never been tested in human clinical trials, is not approved for any medical use, and is classified as a prohibited substance by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). It remains available through research chemical suppliers, where it is used in performance enhancement contexts primarily for its purported effects on fat loss, endurance, and energy levels.

SS-31 (Elamipretide) is an aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide that selectively binds to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, preventing lipid peroxidation and optimizing electron transport chain function for enhanced cellular energy production.

Investigational dual receptor agonist targeting metabolic disease through balanced GLP-1R and GCGR activation. Phase 2/3 clinical trials demonstrate superior weight loss and MASH treatment efficacy.

Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) originally developed for the treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular risk reduction. FDA-approved since 1998 and marketed as Micardis, it has become the preferred ARB among performance-enhancing drug users and anabolic steroid communities due to its long half-life, strong evidence for organ protection, and unique partial PPAR-gamma agonist activity. Unlike other ARBs, telmisartan activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) at clinically relevant doses, conferring metabolic benefits that extend beyond blood pressure reduction. Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are well-documented to elevate blood pressure, promote left ventricular hypertrophy, accelerate atherosclerosis, and impair renal function -- making proactive cardiovascular protection an essential component of harm reduction. Telmisartan addresses these concerns with once-daily dosing, 24-hour blood pressure coverage, and a favorable side effect profile that does not impair exercise performance or recovery.

Testosterone is the primary endogenous androgenic-anabolic steroid hormone produced mainly by the Leydig cells of the testes in males and in smaller quantities by the ovaries and adrenal glands in females. It is essential for the development and maintenance of male reproductive tissues, secondary sexual characteristics, muscle mass, bone density, red blood cell production, and overall well-being. Exogenous testosterone has been FDA-approved for the treatment of male hypogonadism since the 1950s and remains the gold standard for testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). It is available in multiple pharmaceutical formulations including intramuscular injectables, transdermal gels, transdermal patches, subcutaneous pellets, and oral capsules. In supraphysiological doses, testosterone is also widely used for performance enhancement, though such use falls outside approved medical indications.

Revolutionary dual receptor agonist FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management. Demonstrates efficacy superior to single-mechanism alternatives with 15-22% body weight reduction in clinical trials. The first-in-class dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist provides enhanced metabolic benefits compared to GLP-1-only medications.